The development process of oil painting has gone through three periods: classical, neoteric, and modern. Oil paintings in different periods are controlled by the artistic thoughts and techniques of the times and present different appearances. A brief introduction to the development history of Western oil painting:
1. It goes back to the beginning of oil painting history.
In fact, the predecessor of oil painting was tempera in European painting before the 15th century. Later, an artist named Dutch painter Jan Van Eyck (Jan Van Eyck) appeared. After the improvement of this tempera painting, he was carried forward, and later generations called him the "father of oil painting" because of his unique contribution.
2. Early classical period (European Renaissance)
During the European Renaissance in the 15th century, humanistic ideas were motivated by criticism of religion. In order to gradually get rid of a single creation based on Christian classics, many famous painters began to observe and directly depict the characters, landscapes, and objects in life at that time. , Leading to the fact that works with religious themes contain obvious realistic and secular factors.
The oil painting has gradually become the main painting method in the history of Western painting. With the development of time, oil painting has gradually become life. Around 1504, Leonardo created the Mona Lisa, the painters of this era inherited the artistic concepts of ancient Greece and Rome. They not only paid attention to the description of a certain event or fact but also revealed the cause and effect of the event or fact. Therefore, the art of focusing on conceiving typical plots and shaping typical images was formed. At the same time, the artist also explored the application of anatomy and perspective in painting and the role of light and shade distribution in the picture. the mysterious smile that made people have to admire Leonardo's genius creation.
3. Late classical period.
In the 17th century, some oil paintings began to emphasize the light perception of oil paintings, using the contrast of cold and warm colors, the contrast of light and dark intensity, and the contrast of thickness to create light perception, forming a dramatic atmosphere of the picture.
The Dutch painter Rembrandt also used light perception in his paintings as a means of expressing the mental state of people. In his large number of portraits, the characters are in the shadow of a large area, only the face, and hands that express the expression. The important part shows vivid brightness.
The Italian painter Caravaggio broke the orderly and harmonious light perception effect in his previous oil paintings. He strengthened the contrast of light and dark in the picture. He often used the large dark part of the background plane of the picture to set off the bright figures in the foreground, which made people feel the dazzling light in the painting.
